How it works
An arbitrage exists when the implied probabilities (1 ÷ odds) of all outcomes, using the best price for each, add up to less than 100%. It happens when books disagree on the price.
The stake is split in proportion to each outcome’s implied probability. That makes the return identical whoever wins, and the profit is the gap between that return and your total stake.
The outcomes must cover the whole market: home, draw and away in a 1X2, or both sides of the same line in a 2-way market.
Real risks: a price can move before you place the second bet, books can limit accounts or void bets on obvious price errors under their terms, and settlement rules (tennis retirements, overtime) can differ between books.
Formulas
Total = 1 ÷ o₁ + 1 ÷ o₂ (+ 1 ÷ o₃); arbitrage if total < 1Stake on each outcome = total stake × (1 ÷ oᵢ) ÷ totalReturn = total stake ÷ totalProfit = return − total stake; as % = 1 ÷ total − 1
Worked example
With 11/10 and 19/18 at two different books, total probability is 96.34%: there is an arbitrage. Staking £100.00 in total, you put £49.43 on the first and £50.57 on the second. Whoever wins, you collect £103.80, a profit of £3.80 (3.80%). At 11/10 on both sides the profit would be 5.00%.